To nettle someone is to make them angry or annoyed.

// Though he tried to maintain a friendly tone, the town official was clearly nettled by the reporter's suggestion that the town was at fault.

Umpteen is an informal adjective meaning "very many" or "indefinitely numerous."

// The artist has painted the same subject umpteen times, yet each piece has its own unique quality.

To culminate is to reach the end or the final result of something. Culminate is usually used with in or with.

// Their efforts have culminated in the discovery of a new treatment.

Encapsulate literally means “to enclose in or as if in a capsule,” but the word is more often used figuratively as a synonym of summarize, to talk about showing or expressing a main idea or quality in a brief way.

// Can you encapsulate the speech in a single paragraph?

// The first song encapsulates the mood of the whole album.

// The contaminated material should be encapsulated and removed.

Syllogism refers to a formal argument in logic that is formed by two statements and a conclusion which must be true if the two statements are true.

// An example of a syllogism is “All men are mortal; no gods are mortal; therefore no men are gods.”

1. the period of time from one new moon to the next (about 29½ days); a lunar month.

Abdicate usually means “to renounce a position of power, such as a throne, high office, dignity, or function.” It can also mean “to fail to do what is required by (a duty or responsibility).”

// I know many challenges lie ahead, but I take this role on willingly, and will not abdicate my responsibility.

Vertiginous is a formal adjective used to describe something that causes or is likely to cause a feeling of dizziness especially because of great height.

// As a window washer for some of the city’s tallest skyscrapers, Victor had to quickly master working at vertiginous heights.