Umpteen is an informal adjective meaning "very many" or "indefinitely numerous."

// The artist has painted the same subject umpteen times, yet each piece has its own unique quality.

To culminate is to reach the end or the final result of something. Culminate is usually used with in or with.

// Their efforts have culminated in the discovery of a new treatment.

Encapsulate literally means “to enclose in or as if in a capsule,” but the word is more often used figuratively as a synonym of summarize, to talk about showing or expressing a main idea or quality in a brief way.

// Can you encapsulate the speech in a single paragraph?

// The first song encapsulates the mood of the whole album.

// The contaminated material should be encapsulated and removed.

Syllogism refers to a formal argument in logic that is formed by two statements and a conclusion which must be true if the two statements are true.

// An example of a syllogism is “All men are mortal; no gods are mortal; therefore no men are gods.”

1. the period of time from one new moon to the next (about 29½ days); a lunar month.

Abdicate usually means “to renounce a position of power, such as a throne, high office, dignity, or function.” It can also mean “to fail to do what is required by (a duty or responsibility).”

// I know many challenges lie ahead, but I take this role on willingly, and will not abdicate my responsibility.

Vertiginous is a formal adjective used to describe something that causes or is likely to cause a feeling of dizziness especially because of great height.

// As a window washer for some of the city’s tallest skyscrapers, Victor had to quickly master working at vertiginous heights.

rife \ raɪf \ adjective

1. excessively abundant

2. frequent, common or widespread

1. South Midland and Southern U.S., a mire; mudhole.

2. a thick gruel.

When used for a plant or animal species, endemic describes something that grows or exists in a certain place or area, and often specifically something restricted to a particular locality or region. Endemic is also used to describe diseases that persist over time in a particular region or population. It can also mean “common in a particular area or field.”

// Our children were excited to finally see wild giant pandas—endemic to just three provinces in south-central China—during our family vacation.

// He eventually learned that low wages were endemic to his line of work, but he continued nevertheless to pursue his passion.

a slip or blunder in etiquette, manners, or conduct; an embarrassing social blunder or indiscretion.

To besmirch the reputation, name, honor, etc. of someone or something is to cause harm or damage to it.

// The allegations have besmirched the company's reputation.

Fortuitous is a formal word that usually describes something that comes or happens by a lucky chance. It can also mean “happening by chance” and “fortunate, lucky.”

// The fact that we were both there was a fortuitous coincidence.

// You could not have arrived at a more fortuitous time.

Imbue has two common meanings: "to permeate or influence as if by dyeing" and "to provide with something freely or naturally." In the second use it is usually used with with.

// A deep sense of history imbues the artist's work.

// The children were imbued with a passion for nature by their parents, both biologists.

Sartorial broadly means “of or relating to clothes,” but it often more specifically means “of or relating to a tailor or tailored clothes.”

// This particular English teacher is known both for engaging students deeply in literature and for her eccentric sartorial tastes.

Prescience is a formal word used to refer to the ability to see or anticipate what will or might happen in the future.

// He predicted the public's response to the proposed legislation with remarkable prescience.

1. resounding loudly, especially with a plaintive sound, as a bell.adjective

   1. having a loud, deep sound,

   2. resonant and mournful in sound

1. to take place or occur as something additional or extraneous (sometimes followed by on orupon ).

2. to ensue.

Noun - a beach at a seashore resort

to accustom to hardship, difficulty, pain, etc.; toughen or harden; habituate (usually followed byto ).

verb

1. to cause to accept or become hardened to; habituate

2. (intr) (esp of a law, etc) to come into operation; take effect

noun

1. a person who flouts the law, especially one who fails to pay fines owed.

2. a person who flouts rules, conventions, or accepted practices.

dearth \ dərθ \ noun

1. an insufficient quantity or number

2. an acute insufficiency

Quiddity refers to the essence of a thing—that is, whatever makes something the type of thing that it is. Quiddity can also refer to a small and usually trivial complaint or criticism, or to a quirk or eccentricity in someone's behavior.

// The novelist’s genius was her unparalleled ability to capture the quiddity of the Maine seacoast in simple prose.

// He portrayed the character's quirks and quiddities with tender playfulness.

Elicit is a formal word meaning “to get (a response, information, etc.) from someone.”

// The announcement of the final amount raised by the charity walk elicited cheers from the crowd.

// The teacher’s question elicited no response.

Notorious describes people and things that are well-known or famous, especially for something bad or unfavorable.

// Their city is notorious for its extremely hot and humid summers.

Vendetta refers to an active and mutual hatred between two families or groups, also known as a blood feud. It can also refer to an often prolonged series of retaliatory, vengeful, or hostile acts, or to a commitment to carrying out such acts.

// The student insisted that the principal had a personal vendetta against her.

Cloying is used disapprovingly to describe something that is too sweet, pleasant, or sentimental.

// She finds most romantic comedies cloying and predictable.

Umbrage refers to a feeling of being offended by what someone has said or done. It is often used in the phrase “take umbrage.”

// Some listeners took umbrage at the podcaster’s remarks about the event.

Brackish, meaning “somewhat salty,” usually describes water or bodies of water, such as rivers, lakes, and estuaries. The word can also mean “not appealing to the taste” or “repulsive.”

// The river becomes brackish as we approach the tidemark.

Paradox refers to something (such as a situation) that is made up of two opposite things and that seems impossible but is actually true or possible. It can also refer to someone who does two seemingly opposite things or who has qualities that are opposite; to a statement that seems to say two opposite things but that nonetheless may be true; or to the use of such statements in writing or speech.

// It is a paradox that computers need time-consuming updates so often, since they are meant to save people time.

// As an actor, she’s a paradox—she loves being in the spotlight but fiercely guards her privacy.

To collude is to work with others secretly, especially to do something illegal or dishonest. Collude is used as a synonym of conspire and plot.

// She is accused of colluding with known criminals.

Innocuous describes either something that is not likely to bother or offend anyone (as in “an innocuous comment”), or something that causes no injury, or is otherwise considered harmless (as in “an innocuous prank”).

// The reporter asked what seemed like an innocuous question, but it prompted the candidate to storm off, abruptly ending the press conference.

1. adjective disposed to be silent or not to speak freely; reserved.

Synonyms: uncommunicative, quiet, taciturn

Antonyms: voluble, talkative,

2. reluctant or restrained.

Loll most often means “to droop or hang loosely.” It can also mean “to act or move in a relaxed or lazy manner.”

// We’re counting down the days until the weather will be warm enough again to laze and loll by the pool.

Marginalia is a plural noun that refers to notes or other marks written in the margins of a text, and also to nonessential matters or items.

// I loved flipping through my literature textbooks to find the marginalia left behind by former students.

// She found the documentary's treatment of not only the major events but also the marginalia of Scandinavian history fascinating.

Febrile is a medical term meaning "marked or caused by fever; feverish." It is sometimes used figuratively, as in "a febrile political climate."

// I'm finally back on my feet after recovering from a febrile illness.

// The actor delivered the monologue with a febrile intensity.

To amortize something, such as a mortgage, is to pay for it by making regular payments over a long period of time.

// If you apply extra payments directly to your loan balance as a principal reduction, your loan can be amortized sooner.

Retrospective describes something that relates to the past or to something that happened in the past.

// The museum has curated a retrospective exhibit of the artist's early works.

Nefarious is a formal word that describes something as evil or immoral.

// Authorities suspect that the recovered materials were going to be used for nefarious purposes.

A yen is a strong desire, urge, or craving for something.

// After dinner, the family went out for ice cream to satisfy their yen for something sweet.

// Students with a yen to travel should consider studying abroad.

Apropos is used as a preposition to mean "with regard to." It is frequently used in the phrase "apropos of."

// Sean interrupted our conversation about politics and, apropos of nothing, asked who we thought would win the basketball game.

As an adjective, apropos describes something that is suitable or appropriate, as in "an apropos nickname."

Grandiose is usually used disapprovingly to describe something that seems impressive or is intended to be impressive, but that is either not possible or practical.

// The long-vacant historic building has finally been purchased, and the developer has announced grandiose plans to make it the center of a new theater district.

When capitalized, Noel refers to Christmas or the Christmas season. Uncapitalized, noel refers to a Christmas carol.

// We were greeted at the door by a group of carolers singing noels.

// Every year we send our family Christmas cards with our photo enclosed wishing everyone a joyous Noel.

Harking back can be about turning back to an earlier topic or circumstance, as in "a storyteller harking back to his youth," or it can be about going back to something as an origin or source, as in "a style that harks back to the turn of the previous century."

// The dinner conversation harked back to the lunch debate over what counts as a traditional holiday meal.